Born September 27, 1921 in Cresson, Pennsylvania. Co-pilot of an American heavy bomber, a D-24 "Liberator" from the U.S. Army 8th Air Force that crashed on the lawn of the chateau in Chambord after bombing an airport southwest of Paris and being crippled by antiaircraft fire and German fighter planes. He escaped the crash and the Germans and joined the resistance in the camp at Freteval.